Esocelops cavifrons was an elopid relative from the London Clay, part of the lineage that includes tarpons and ladyfishes. Its head was elongate and gently sloping, with small teeth in both jaws rather than a specialised crushing dentition. This anatomy is consistent with an active predator taking smaller fishes and soft-bodied prey in the water column.

The species is known mainly from cranial material, so its ecological reconstruction relies on skull form and elopiform relationships. A conspicuous depression on the dorsal cranium and the absence of a heavily ossified eye ring distinguish the preserved head architecture, while the long jaws suggest a relatively wide, efficient prey-capturing mouth.