Woodwardella patellifrons

Woodwardella patellifrons

Casier, 1966

Common name Mackerel / tuna
Fossil group Bony Fish
Order Scombriformes
Family Scombridae
Genus Woodwardella
Taxonomic status Accepted
Geological age Ypresian

Summary

Woodwardella patellifrons was a mackerel-grade predator from the London Clay with a compact but specialised skull. The upper jaw was non-protrusible and the front of the palate included a broad spatulate vomer. Large scales covered the opercular region, while the skull roof carried characteristic fossae beside the orbit.

Its jaw construction indicates a fish that captured prey with a relatively rigid mouth rather than the highly protrusible feeding mechanism seen in many later teleosts. Small fishes and other nekton are plausible prey from the scombrid-grade anatomy, but the precise diet remains inferred. The species preserves an instructive combination of primitive and specialised features in an early pelagic predator.

Quick Identification

Look for: a scombrid skull with paired postero-superior fossae close to the front of the orbit, a broad spatulate vomer, a short pterotic spine and large scales over the opercular region; the premaxilla is fixed rather than strongly protrusible.

Diagnostic Features

  • Postero-superior fossae lie near the anterior margin of the orbit.
  • Anterior vomer is broad and distinctly spatulate.
  • Premaxilla and maxilla form a non-protrusible upper-jaw arrangement.
  • Pterotic bears a short posterior spine.
  • Large scales cover the opercular bones and adjacent cheek region.

Fossil Details

Preservation
London Clay fish skulls are commonly incomplete, compressed, pyritised or enclosed in concretions. Thin cranial margins and projecting processes are easily lost, and separated bones can be difficult to orient; species-level identification is strongest when several adjoining diagnostic bones are preserved together.

Recorded Fossil Sites

No fossil-site occurrences have yet been recorded for this species.

References

  • Casier, E. (1966). Faune ichthyologique du London Clay. 496 pp.. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London View reference
  • Friedman, M.; Beckett, H. T.; Close, R. A.; Johanson, Z. (2016). The English Chalk and London Clay: two remarkable British bony fish Lagerstätten. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 430(1), 165–200. Geological Society of London, London View reference
  • Monsch, K. A. (2005). Revision of the scombroid fishes from the Cenozoic of England. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences, 95(3–4), 445–489 View reference
Last Reviewed
20 August 2026 Reviewed by Sam Harris