Dromilites belli

Dromilites belli

Van Bakel, Robin, Charbonnier & Saward, 2017

Common name Sponge Crab
Fossil group Crustaceans
Order Decapoda
Family Dromiidae
Genus Dromilites
Taxonomic status Accepted
Geological age Ypresian

Summary

Dromilites belli was a sponge crab, related to modern dromiid crabs famous for carrying living sponges or other objects over their backs. The rear legs of living sponge crabs are modified to hold this covering in place, providing camouflage and sometimes a chemical or physical defence from predators.

If D. belli behaved like its living relatives, it may have moved across the London Clay seabed almost disguised as part of its surroundings while feeding opportunistically on small animals and carrion. That makes sponge crabs one of the most engaging examples of behavioural camouflage in the fossil crab fauna.

Quick Identification

Look for: a strongly vaulted Dromilites carapace with coarse tubercles, four anterolateral teeth and a distinct posterolateral tooth; it is more inflated and more strongly ornamented than Dromilites bucklandii.

Diagnostic Features

  • Carapace regions are strongly vaulted and distinctly inflated.
  • Large coarse tubercles mark the gastric and branchial regions.
  • Anterolateral margin bears four teeth.
  • A well-developed posterolateral tooth occurs behind the branchial groove.
  • Mesogastric region is visibly defined, unlike the weaker condition in Dromilites bucklandii.

Fossil Details

Typical size
Carapace commonly several centimetres across; published specimens span more than one growth stage.
Fossil material
Carapace, Claw / Chela
Preservation
Tubercles and lateral teeth are easily damaged by abrasion or breakage. Compression can also reduce the vaulted profile, so specimens lacking the margins or dorsal relief may be difficult to separate from D. bucklandii.

Similar Species

Recorded Fossil Sites

References

  • Barry W. M. van Bakel; Ninon Robin; Sylvain Charbonnier; Jeff Saward. (2017). Revision of Dromilites bucklandii (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura): Type material revealing its real identity, a junior synonym, and a new species. Palaeontologia Electronica, 20(3), 1–12 View reference
  • J. S. H. Collins; C. J. T. Mellish; A. J. Ross; P. R. Crabb; S. K. Donovan. (2020). A guide to the fossil Decapoda (Crustacea: Axiidea, Anomura, Brachyura) of the British Isles. Proceedings of the Geologists' Association, 131(1), 19–50 View reference
Last Reviewed
15 August 2026 Reviewed by Sam Harris