Aetobatus irregularis
Aetobatus irregularis
Summary
Aetobatus irregularis was an eagle ray, part of a group of broad-winged rays adapted for powerful swimming above the seafloor. Like living eagle rays, it was probably an active benthopelagic animal that moved through coastal and shelf waters while foraging on the bottom.
Its broad crushing teeth formed a pavement capable of breaking hard-shelled prey. Molluscs and crustaceans are therefore likely components of its diet, although the exact prey species cannot be demonstrated from isolated dental material alone.
Most fossils of A. irregularis are individual teeth or fragments of the dental pavement rather than complete skeletons. These remains nevertheless show a clear feeding specialisation: instead of using pointed teeth to seize prey, the ray processed resistant food with a broad crushing surface.
Quick Identification
Look for: a broad, low crushing tooth rather than a pointed shark tooth, with a smooth to gently worn occlusal surface and a root divided into numerous parallel lamellae; complete plate elements are much more reliable than small fragments.
Diagnostic Features
- Crown is transversely broad and low, forming part of a pavement-like crushing dentition.
- Occlusal surface is flattened to gently convex and lacks a projecting cutting cusp.
- Tooth outline is elongate across the jaw, with interlocking margins in complete elements.
- Root is polyaulacorhize, divided into numerous narrow parallel lobes or lamellae.
- Identification depends on proportions and plate architecture rather than a single isolated edge fragment.
Fossil Details
Similar Species
Recorded Fossil Sites
London Clay Formation
References
- Hovestadt, D.C.; Hovestadt-Euler, M. (2013). Generic Assessment and Reallocation of Cenozoic Myliobatinae based on new information of tooth, tooth plate and caudal spine morphology of extant taxa. Palaeontos, 24, 1–66 View reference
- Rayner, D.; Mitchell, T.; Rayner, M. (2009). London Clay Fossils of Kent and Essex. 228 pp.. Medway Fossil and Mineral Society, Rochester, Kent View reference
- Reinecke, T.; Mollen, F.H.; Gijsen, B.; D’Haeze, B.; Hoedemakers, K. (2024). Batomorphs (Elasmobranchii: Rhinopristiformes, Rajiformes, Torpediniformes, Myliobatiformes) of the middle to late Ypresian, early Eocene, in the Anglo-Belgian Basin (south-western North Sea Basin) – a review and description of new taxa. Palaeontos, 35, 1–172 View reference