Cepola densa

Cepola densa

(Frost, 1934)

Common name Bandfish
Fossil group Bony Fish
Order Perciformes
Family Cepolidae
Genus Cepola
Taxonomic status Taxonomically Uncertain
Geological age Ypresian

Summary

Cepola densa was an early Eocene member of the bandfish lineage, known from London Clay otoliths. Living cepolids are elongate marine fishes that often live close to soft seabeds and feed on small planktonic or benthic organisms. A similar demersal-to-near-bottom ecology is a reasonable family-level inference, but the fossil species is represented by ear stones rather than a preserved body.

Its sagittal otolith is notably compact and deep, reflecting the distinctive inner-ear morphology of the fish. The species therefore contributes primarily to reconstruction of the hidden teleost diversity of the London Clay — fishes that may leave no recognizable skull but can still be traced through otoliths.

Quick Identification

Look for: a relatively short, deep and compressed cepolid otolith with smoothly rounded margins, a convex inner face and a narrow supramedian sulcus; the overall outline is noticeably more compact than the more elongate bandfish otolith form.

Diagnostic Features

  • Otolith outline is short and deep rather than strongly elongate.
  • Dorsal and ventral margins form a smooth, compact oval-to-subrectangular profile.
  • Inner face is convex while the outer face is comparatively flat.
  • Sulcus lies above the midline and is narrow relative to the height of the otolith.
  • Ostial portion of the sulcus is longer and broader than the short posterior cauda.

Fossil Details

Preservation
London Clay otoliths may be chipped, rounded, dissolved or polished. Damage to the rostrum and antirostrum changes the outline, while abrasion of the inner face can weaken or erase the sulcus; either can make a species-level identification unsafe.

Recorded Fossil Sites

No fossil-site occurrences have yet been recorded for this species.

References

  • Steurbaut, E.; Nolf, D. (1988). Ypresian teleost otoliths from Belgium and northwestern France. Bulletin de la Société belge de Géologie, 97(3–4), 321–347 View reference
  • Stinton, F. C. (1966). Fish otoliths from the London Clay. Faune ichthyologique du London Clay, 404–464. British Museum (Natural History), London View reference
Last Reviewed
15 August 2026 Reviewed by Sam Harris