Eutylus cuneatus

Eutylus cuneatus

(J. de C. Sowerby, 1844)

Common name Piddock
Fossil group Molluscs
Order Myida
Family Pholadidae
Genus Eutylus
Taxonomic status Accepted
Geological age Thanetian

Summary

Eutylus cuneatus was a piddock, one of the specialised bivalves adapted for life inside a self-made burrow in a firm substrate. Like living pholadids, it probably used repeated shell movements to work into the substrate while the soft body remained protected within the cavity.

Once established in its burrow, it would have fed by filtering suspended organic particles from seawater. The exact substrate used by this fossil species is not preserved in the shell itself, so details of its boring behaviour remain an inference from its pholadid relationships.

Quick Identification

Look for: a compact trigonal shell or mould with a distinctly wedge-shaped posterior end, an extremely short anterior side and a raised anterior margin reflected towards the beaks; use the complete outline rather than isolated shell fragments.

Diagnostic Features

  • Shell is compact and trigonal, with length and height of broadly similar order.
  • Posterior region is produced into a conspicuous wedge-shaped or cuneate end.
  • Anterior side is extremely short and relatively flattened.
  • Anterior shell margin is raised and reflected towards or over the beaks.
  • Surface carries concentric striation with finer shell lines; species-level identification requires the combined outline and anterior modification.

Fossil Details

Fossil material
Shell, Internal Mould / Cast
Preservation
The shortened anterior margin and reflected hinge-area shell are vulnerable to breakage, while compression can distort the trigonal outline. Moulds that do not preserve both ends of the shell may lose the cuneate profile needed for a reliable identification.

Recorded Fossil Sites

Reculver Sand Member

Thanet Formation
Confirmed

Synonyms & Previous Names

Pholadomya cuneata J. de C. Sowerby, 1844

References

  • Glibert, M.; Van de Poel, L. (1966). Les Bivalvia fossiles du Cénozoïque étranger des collections de l’Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique. Mémoires de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Deuxième Série, 81 View reference
  • Ward, D.J. (1978). The Lower London Tertiary (Palaeocene) succession of Herne Bay, Kent. Report of the Institute of Geological Sciences. Institute of Geological Sciences View reference
Last Reviewed
22 August 2026 Reviewed by Sam Harris