Mastixia parva

Mastixia parva

E.Reid et M.Chandler

Fossil group Plants
Order Cornales
Family Mastixiaceae
Genus Mastixia
Taxonomic status Accepted
Geological age Ypresian

Summary

Mastixia parva was an early Eocene member of Mastixiaceae known from a small, hard, one-seeded fruit stone. The endocarp protected the developing seed and included a long germination valve through which the seedling could emerge. No attached leaves or stems are known, so the size and growth form of the parent plant cannot be reconstructed from the fruit alone.

The species is important because it records Mastixia in the London Clay flora at an early stage in the history of the lineage. Its internal structure is especially informative: the seed cavity curves around a deep dorsal infold, giving it a distinctive C-shaped cross-section. These features are better preserved internally than the often weathered outer surface.

Quick Identification

Look for: a small, relatively smooth one-seeded fruit stone about 7–10 mm long, with only a few shallow longitudinal furrows and a median dorsal groove; CT or sectioned material shows a deep dorsal infold and a C-shaped seed cavity.

Diagnostic Features

  • Endocarp is small, about 7–10 mm long, and unilocular with a single seed cavity.
  • External surface is relatively smooth, with only a few shallow longitudinal furrows.
  • A median dorsal groove corresponds internally to a deep dorsal infold.
  • The locule is distinctly C-shaped in transverse section.
  • A large elongate germination valve extends along the dorsal side of the endocarp.

Fossil Details

Typical size
About 7–10 mm long.
Fossil material
Fruit
Preservation
Pyrite decay has damaged important London Clay material and can remove the shallow external furrows. Internal characters such as the dorsal infold, locule shape and germination valve are therefore more reliable than surface sculpture alone on degraded specimens.

Similar Species

Recorded Fossil Sites

No fossil-site occurrences have yet been recorded for this species.

References

  • Steven R. Manchester; Margaret E. Collinson. (2022). Mastixioid fruits (Cornales) from the early Eocene London Clay Flora: morphology, anatomy and nomenclatural revision. Fossil Imprint, 78(1), 310–328 View reference
Last Reviewed
26 August 2026 Reviewed by Sam Harris