Galeorhinus ypresiensis

Galeorhinus ypresiensis

(Casier, 1946)

Common name Hound shark
Fossil group Sharks & Rays
Order Carcharhiniformes
Family Triakidae
Genus Galeorhinus
Taxonomic status Accepted
Geological age Ypresian

Summary

Galeorhinus ypresiensis was an extinct hound shark belonging to the same broader family as living school sharks and related triakids. It was probably an active coastal or shelf predator, occupying the space between tiny bottom-dwelling sharks and the larger lamniform hunters.

Its low, asymmetrical cutting teeth suggest a varied diet of fishes and invertebrates. Rather than relying on long piercing teeth, the dentition provided a continuous cutting edge capable of gripping and processing relatively small prey.

The animal is known mainly from teeth, so its precise body proportions and behaviour remain uncertain. Its occurrence in the London Clay shows that hound sharks were already a well-established part of early Eocene marine communities.

Quick Identification

Look for: a small, low asymmetric hound-shark tooth with an oblique triangular cusp, an extended distal heel and a broad root; preserve any fine edge ornament because it helps separate similar triakids.

Diagnostic Features

  • Crown is low and strongly asymmetrical in lateral files.
  • Main cusp is triangular and inclined distally rather than upright.
  • Distal heel is extended and forms an important part of the cutting edge.
  • Root is broad and low with two subdued lobes.
  • Overall tooth profile is more blade-like than the tall cusped teeth of catsharks and odontaspidids.

Fossil Details

Preservation
The distal heel is easily chipped, and abrasion can remove fine edge detail. Teeth missing the heel are difficult to distinguish from Pachygaleus and other small triakids.

Similar Species

Recorded Fossil Sites

References

  • Casier, E. (1966). Faune ichthyologique du London Clay. 496 pp.. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London View reference
  • Ebersole, J.A.; Cicimurri, D.J.; Stringer, G.L. (2019). Taxonomy and biostratigraphy of the elasmobranchs and bony fishes (Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes) of the lower-to-middle Eocene (Ypresian to Bartonian) Claiborne Group in Alabama, USA, including an analysis of otoliths. European Journal of Taxonomy, 585, 1–274 View reference
  • Rayner, D.; Mitchell, T.; Rayner, M. (2009). London Clay Fossils of Kent and Essex. 228 pp.. Medway Fossil and Mineral Society, Rochester, Kent View reference
Last Reviewed
10 August 2026 Reviewed by Sam Harris