Icacinicarya davisii
Icacinicarya davisii
Summary
Icacinicarya davisii was a small, ovate icacinaceous fruit with a conspicuous network of fibres sunk into the endocarp surface. It was originally described in the living genus Iodes, but modern micro-CT changed that interpretation: the principal marginal vascular bundle travels outside the endocarp wall for most of its course instead of remaining embedded within it, as expected in Iodes.
Near the apex, small canals or pores flank the stylar region and connect with the vascular system. These are real internal structures rather than surface damage, but they do not outweigh the vascular evidence against an Iodes placement. The 2016 revision therefore transferred the species to the broader form-genus Icacinicarya. Its fruit is directly known; its whole-plant growth form is not, so the lianescent habit of living Iodes should not be projected onto this fossil after the generic reassignment.
Quick Identification
Look for: a small ovate stone with a network of sunken fibres rather than raised reticulate ridges. CT/sectioning is especially useful: the decisive feature is a marginal vascular bundle running outside the wall, with small paired subapical canals near the style.
Diagnostic Features
- Endocarp is small and ovate, about 12.5 mm long in the type material.
- Surface carries a network of fibres that are sunken into the wall rather than forming strongly raised ridges.
- Marginal primary vascular bundle runs outside the endocarp wall for most of its length.
- Small paired subapical canals/pores flank the stylar region and connect with the vascular system.
- The combination lacks the continuously embedded marginal vascular bundle diagnostic of Iodes.
Fossil Details
Similar Species
Recorded Fossil Sites
No fossil-site occurrences have yet been recorded for this species.
References
- Gregory W. Stull; Neil F. Adams; Steven R. Manchester; Dan Sykes; Margaret E. Collinson. (2016). Revision of Icacinaceae from the Early Eocene London Clay flora based on X-ray micro-CT. Botany, 94(9), 713–745 View reference
- Margaret E. Collinson; Neil F. Adams; Steven R. Manchester; Gregory W. Stull; Fabiany Herrera; Selena Y. Smith; Mary J. Andrew; Paul Kenrick; Dan Sykes. (2016). X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) of pyrite-permineralized fruits and seeds from the London Clay Formation (Ypresian) conserved in silicone oil: a critical evaluation. Botany, 94(9), 697–711 View reference
- Marjorie Elizabeth Jane Chandler. (1961). The Lower Tertiary Floras of Southern England. I. Palaeocene Floras. London Clay Flora (Supplement). . British Museum (Natural History), London View reference